fix: warn on dropped OAuth token, skip wasted final backoff, honor external cancel, fix digit-run split (v0.1.8)

aiomail-7: log a truncated body when a 200 token response has no access_token
instead of silently discarding it. aiomail-8: connect() no longer sleeps after
the last failed retry attempt. aiomail-9: _discard_mail now distinguishes its
own task.cancel() from an external cancellation via asyncio.shield, so
connect() no longer resists cancellation. aiomail-10: the digit-run fallback
now matches contiguous \d+ runs instead of mashing digits across punctuation
within a whitespace token (e.g. a date). aiomail-11: README's dynamic-matching
example uses email.utils.parseaddr since a real From header is not a bare
address. Also compresses essay docstrings to one-line-plus-nuance with zero
behavior change (re-verified against the same negative controls).

Signed-off-by: disqualifier <dev@disqualifier.me>

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # claude
-CLAUDE.md
+.claude/
 
 # python
 __pycache__/

README.md

@@ -11,21 +11,23 @@ This reads codes from email; it does not generate them (that is `pyotp`'s job).
 `requirements.txt`:
 
 ```
-aiomail @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.0
+aiomail @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.8
 # OAuth token providers (Microsoft / Google) need the extra:
-aiomail[oauth] @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.0
+aiomail[oauth] @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.8
 ```
 
 Direct:
 
 ```bash
-pip install "aiomail @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.0"
+pip install "aiomail @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.8"
-pip install "aiomail[oauth] @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.0"
+pip install "aiomail[oauth] @ git+ssh://git@git.rethinkstudios.io/rethink-public/aiomail.git@v0.1.8"
 ```
 
 Requires `aioimaplib` and `beautifulsoup4` (pulled transitively). The `oauth`
 extra adds `aiohttp` for the refresh-token providers.
 
+Drop the `@v0.1.8` suffix from the line above to install the latest unpinned.
+
 ## Password auth
 
 ```python
@@ -59,11 +61,18 @@ Credentials are always supplied by you — nothing is hardcoded.
 
 ```python
 import re
+from email.utils import parseaddr
 await retrieve_otp(client, sender="uber.com")                      # substring
 await retrieve_otp(client, sender=re.compile(r"no-?reply@.*\.io")) # regex
-await retrieve_otp(client, sender=lambda f: f.endswith("@x.com"))  # callable
+await retrieve_otp(client, sender=lambda f: parseaddr(f)[1].endswith("@x.com"))  # callable
 ```
 
+A real `From` header is `Name <addr@x.com>`, not a bare address — `parseaddr` pulls
+the address out before matching (a plain `f.endswith(...)` would never match).
+
+Subject headers are RFC2047-decoded before matching/extraction, so providers
+that encode non-ASCII subjects (`=?utf-8?B?...?=`) still match on plain text.
+
 Code extraction is tunable too — `patterns` (regexes, first group wins) and
 `lengths` (standalone digit-run fallback):
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 
 [project]
 name = "aiomail"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.1.8"
 description = "async IMAP one-time-code retrieval with password/OAuth2 auth and dynamic matching"
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 dependencies = [

src/aiomail/__init__.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from .extract import (
     DEFAULT_PATTERNS,
     MatchSpec,
     as_predicate,
+    decode_header_value,
     extract_code,
 )
 from .retrieve import DEFAULT_FOLDERS, retrieve_otp
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "IMAPClient",
     "extract_code",
     "as_predicate",
+    "decode_header_value",
     "retrieve_otp",
     "MatchSpec",
     "DEFAULT_PATTERNS",
@@ -29,4 +31,4 @@ __all__ = [
     "DEFAULT_FOLDERS",
 ]
 
-__version__ = "0.1.0"
+__version__ = "0.1.8"

src/aiomail/auth.py

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 """authentication mechanisms for the IMAP client.
 
-an `Auth` is anything that can authenticate an already-connected aioimaplib
+`PasswordAuth` (LOGIN) and `OAuth2Auth` (XOAUTH2); credentials always injected.
-client. two ship: `PasswordAuth` (plain LOGIN) and `OAuth2Auth` (XOAUTH2 using an
-access token, either passed directly or pulled from a token provider callable).
-credentials are always injected by the caller, never hardcoded here.
 """
 import base64
 import logging
@@ -38,6 +35,11 @@ class PasswordAuth:
             raise RuntimeError(f"login failed: {result} {data}")
 
 
+def _as_str(token) -> str:
+    """coerce a token to str (a provider may hand back bytes); both XOAUTH2 entrypoints downstream need str"""
+    return token.decode() if isinstance(token, bytes) else token
+
+
 def _sasl_xoauth2(user: str, token: str) -> str:
     """build the base64 XOAUTH2 SASL initial-response string"""
     raw = f"user={user}\x01auth=Bearer {token}\x01\x01".encode()
@@ -45,12 +47,7 @@ def _sasl_xoauth2(user: str, token: str) -> str:
 
 
 class OAuth2Auth:
-    """XOAUTH2 auth using an access token or a token provider
+    """XOAUTH2 auth: a static `token`, or a `token_provider` (sync/async callable) fetched fresh at connect time"""
-
-    pass `token` for a static token, or `token_provider` (sync or async callable)
-    to fetch a fresh one at connect time — the provider path is what makes refresh
-    flows "easy": hand it a provider from aiomail.oauth and forget about it.
-    """
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -71,18 +68,20 @@ class OAuth2Auth:
             token = await result if hasattr(result, "__await__") else result
             if not token:
                 raise RuntimeError("token provider returned an empty token")
-            return token
+            return _as_str(token)
-        return self._token  # type: ignore[return-value]
+        return _as_str(self._token)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
 
     async def authenticate(self, mail) -> None:
         token = await self._resolve_token()
-        # aioimaplib exposes mail.xoauth2(user, token: bytes) — note the token must
+        # mail.xoauth2(user, token) f-string-interpolates token, so it MUST be str
-        # be bytes, not str. older/other clients that lack it but expose a generic
+        # — bytes would interpolate the b'...' repr and corrupt the Bearer value.
-        # authenticate() are driven via the SASL string from _sasl_xoauth2.
+        # _resolve_token already guarantees str via _as_str.
         xoauth2 = getattr(mail, "xoauth2", None)
         if xoauth2 is not None:
-            result, data = await xoauth2(self.user, token.encode())
+            result, data = await xoauth2(self.user, token)
         elif hasattr(mail, "authenticate"):
+            # escape hatch for a non-aioimaplib client (aioimaplib's IMAP4 always
+            # has .xoauth2, never .authenticate); untested against any real driver
             result, data = await mail.authenticate(
                 "XOAUTH2", lambda _: _sasl_xoauth2(self.user, token)
             )

src/aiomail/client.py

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-"""async IMAP client wrapping aioimaplib.
+"""async IMAP client wrapping aioimaplib: connect/retry/reconnect/close plus folders/search/fetch/mark-seen.
 
-a thin, provider-agnostic client: it owns the connection lifecycle (connect with
+auth is injected. reconnect-on-stale re-selects the prior folder, but sequence-number ids from
-retries, reconnect-on-stale, close) and exposes the handful of operations the OTP
+before a reconnect are not valid after (a fresh SELECT can renumber the mailbox)
-flow needs (folders, search, fetch, mark-seen). auth is injected, so the same
+— pass `use_uid=True` if ids need to survive a reconnect. one instance is not
-client serves password and OAuth accounts.
+safe for concurrent callers beyond the internal connect/reconnect lock.
 """
 import asyncio
 import email
 import email.message
 import logging
+import re
 from typing import List, Optional
 
 from aioimaplib import IMAP4, IMAP4_SSL
@@ -17,13 +18,29 @@ from .auth import Auth
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+# IMAP LIST reply: (flags) "<delim>" <name>  — delim is server-defined (often "/" or
+# "." or NIL); capture the trailing name regardless, quoted or bare
+_LIST_RE = re.compile(rb'^\([^)]*\)\s+(?:"[^"]*"|NIL)\s+(.+)$')
+
+
+def _folder_name(raw: bytes) -> Optional[str]:
+    """extract the folder name from a LIST reply line, delimiter-agnostic
+
+    returns None on a non-matching line instead of a last-token rsplit fallback,
+    so the tagged completion line aioimaplib appends to the same response list
+    (e.g. `b"LIST completed."`) gets dropped instead of read as a phantom folder.
+    """
+    match = _LIST_RE.match(raw.strip())
+    if not match:
+        return None
+    return match.group(1).decode().strip().strip('"')
+
 
 class IMAPClient:
     """connection-managing IMAP client driven by an injected auth mechanism
 
-    note: `use_uid` selects UID vs sequence-number addressing and is independent
+    `use_uid` (UID vs sequence-number addressing) is independent of `use_ssl` —
-    of `use_ssl` — the two were conflated in an earlier draft (`use_uid = use_ssl`),
+    an earlier draft conflated them (`use_uid = use_ssl`); unrelated concerns.
-    which is a bug; they are unrelated concerns.
     """
 
     def __init__(
@@ -45,6 +62,8 @@ class IMAPClient:
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.max_retries = max_retries
         self._mail = None
+        self._selected_folder: Optional[str] = None
+        self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
 
     async def __aenter__(self) -> "IMAPClient":
         await self.ensure_connection()
@@ -54,8 +73,20 @@ class IMAPClient:
         await self.close()
 
     async def connect(self) -> bool:
-        """open a connection and authenticate, retrying with linear backoff"""
+        """open a connection and authenticate, retrying with linear backoff
-        await self.close()
+
+        serialized by an internal lock: queued callers never tear down each
+        other's in-progress handshake, and a superseded connection is logged out.
+        """
+        async with self._lock:
+            return await self._connect_locked()
+
+    async def _connect_locked(self) -> bool:
+        """connect()'s body; caller must hold self._lock"""
+        superseded, self._mail = self._mail, None
+        self._selected_folder = None
+        if superseded is not None:
+            await self._discard_mail(superseded)
         for attempt in range(self.max_retries):
             try:
                 if self.use_ssl:
@@ -67,36 +98,91 @@ class IMAPClient:
                 return True
             except Exception as exc:
                 log.warning("connect attempt %d/%d failed: %s", attempt + 1, self.max_retries, exc)
-                self._mail = None
+                if self._mail is not None:
-                await asyncio.sleep(2 * (attempt + 1))
+                    await self._discard_mail(self._mail)
+                    self._mail = None
+                if attempt < self.max_retries - 1:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(2 * (attempt + 1))
         return False
 
+    @staticmethod
+    async def _discard_mail(mail) -> None:
+        """tear down a half-built IMAP4 without leaking its connect task
+
+        aioimaplib schedules `create_connection` as a fire-and-forget task; on a
+        refused connection it raises and asyncio logs a noisy "Task exception was
+        never retrieved" traceback unless retrieved here first.
+        """
+        task = getattr(mail, "_client_task", None)
+        if task is not None and not task.done():
+            task.cancel()
+        if task is not None:
+            # shield distinguishes our own task.cancel() from an external cancel of
+            # this coroutine: a bare `await task` swallowed both, resisting
+            # cancellation. under shield, CancelledError here means external only.
+            try:
+                await asyncio.shield(task)
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                if not task.cancelled():
+                    raise
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        try:
+            await mail.logout()
+        except Exception as teardown:
+            log.debug("logout error ignored during failed connect: %s", teardown)
+
     async def close(self) -> None:
         """log out and drop the connection, swallowing teardown errors"""
+        async with self._lock:
+            await self._close_locked()
+
+    async def _close_locked(self) -> None:
+        """close()'s body; caller must hold self._lock"""
         if self._mail is not None:
+            mail, self._mail = self._mail, None
             try:
-                await self._mail.logout()
+                await mail.logout()
             except Exception as exc:
                 log.debug("logout error ignored: %s", exc)
-            self._mail = None
+        self._selected_folder = None
 
     async def ensure_connection(self) -> bool:
-        """return a live connection, reconnecting if the link is stale"""
+        """return a live, SELECTED-if-applicable connection, reconnecting if the link is stale
-        if self._mail is None:
-            return await self.connect()
-        try:
-            await self._mail.noop()
-            return True
-        except Exception:
-            return await self.connect()
 
-    def is_throttled(self) -> bool:
+        re-selects the previously-selected folder after a reconnect; sequence-number
-        """best-effort detection of a provider throttling response"""
+        ids from before the reconnect are NOT valid against the new session (a fresh
-        return bool(
+        SELECT can renumber the mailbox) unless use_uid=True. serialized by the
-            self._mail is not None
+        internal lock so a queued caller rechecks liveness before reconnecting.
-            and getattr(self._mail, "resp", None)
+        """
-            and "THROTTLED" in str(self._mail.resp)
+        async with self._lock:
-        )
+            if self._mail is not None:
+                try:
+                    await self._mail.noop()
+                    return True
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            return await self._connect_and_reselect_locked()
+
+    async def _connect_and_reselect_locked(self) -> bool:
+        """connect() then re-select the previously-selected folder; caller must hold self._lock"""
+        folder = self._selected_folder
+        if not await self._connect_locked():
+            return False
+        if folder is None:
+            return True
+        try:
+            result, _ = await self._mail.select(f'"{folder}"')
+        except Exception as exc:
+            log.debug("re-select %s after reconnect failed: %s", folder, exc)
+            self._selected_folder = None
+            return False
+        if result != "OK":
+            log.debug("re-select %s after reconnect failed: %s", folder, result)
+            self._selected_folder = None
+            return False
+        self._selected_folder = folder
+        return True
 
     async def get_folders(self) -> List[str]:
         """list mailbox folder names"""
@@ -110,9 +196,11 @@ class IMAPClient:
         folders: List[str] = []
         for folder in folder_list or []:
             try:
-                folders.append(folder.decode().split(' "/" ')[-1].strip('"'))
+                name = _folder_name(folder)
             except Exception:
                 continue
+            if name is not None:
+                folders.append(name)
         return folders
 
     async def select(self, folder: str) -> bool:
@@ -121,10 +209,13 @@ class IMAPClient:
             return False
         try:
             result, _ = await self._mail.select(f'"{folder}"')
-            return result == "OK"
         except Exception as exc:
             log.debug("select %s failed: %s", folder, exc)
             return False
+        if result == "OK":
+            self._selected_folder = folder
+            return True
+        return False
 
     async def search(self, query: str) -> List[int]:
         """search the selected folder, returning ids newest-first"""
@@ -138,7 +229,13 @@ class IMAPClient:
             return []
         if result != "OK" or not data or not data[0]:
             return []
-        ids = [int(x) for x in data[0].split()]
+        ids = []
+        for token in data[0].split():
+            try:
+                ids.append(int(token))
+            except (TypeError, ValueError):
+                # tolerate a malformed/non-numeric SEARCH token instead of crashing
+                log.debug("skipping non-numeric search token: %r", token)
         return sorted(set(ids), reverse=True)
 
     async def fetch(self, email_id: int, *, icloud: bool = False) -> Optional[email.message.Message]:
@@ -157,8 +254,13 @@ class IMAPClient:
         if result != "OK" or not data:
             return None
         for item in data:
-            if isinstance(item, (bytes, bytearray)) and len(item) > 20:
+            # select by structure, not length: aioimaplib stores the literal payload
+            # as the only bytearray in the response, so a length heuristic would
+            # mismatch the header line for a 2+ digit id or a BODY[]/UID fetch
+            if isinstance(item, bytearray):
                 return email.message_from_bytes(bytes(item))
+            # cross-version fallback for an imaplib-style (header, payload) tuple;
+            # aioimaplib 2.0.x never yields one here
             if isinstance(item, tuple) and len(item) > 1:
                 return email.message_from_bytes(item[1])
         return None

src/aiomail/extract.py

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-"""code extraction and dynamic matching for email messages.
+"""code extraction and dynamic matching for email messages, pure logic with no network IO.
 
-this module is pure logic with no network IO, so it is the easiest part to
+`extract_code` pulls a one-time code out of a message; `as_predicate` turns a
-unit-test. `extract_code` pulls a one-time code out of a message; `as_predicate`
+string / compiled regex / callable into a uniform match function for filtering
-turns a string / compiled regex / callable into a uniform match function used to
+senders and subjects.
-filter senders and subjects.
 """
 import email.message
 import logging
 import re
+from email.header import decode_header, make_header
 from typing import Callable, Iterable, Iterator, Optional, Pattern, Sequence, Union
 
 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
@@ -39,6 +39,21 @@ def _compile(patterns: Sequence[Union[str, Pattern]]) -> list[Pattern]:
     return out
 
 
+def decode_header_value(raw: str) -> str:
+    """decode an RFC2047 encoded-word header (=?charset?B/Q?...?=) to text, falling back to raw on failure
+
+    messages are parsed with the compat32 policy, which leaves encoded-word
+    headers raw; decode before scanning so matching sees real text.
+    """
+    if not raw:
+        return raw
+    try:
+        return str(make_header(decode_header(raw)))
+    except (UnicodeDecodeError, LookupError, ValueError) as exc:
+        log.debug("header decode failed (%s): %s", raw, exc)
+        return raw
+
+
 def _decode_part(part: email.message.Message) -> Optional[str]:
     """decode a single message part to text, tolerating bad charsets"""
     payload = part.get_payload(decode=True)
@@ -74,10 +89,9 @@ def _scan(text: str, patterns: list[Pattern], lengths: set[int]) -> Optional[str
         m = pat.search(text)
         if m:
             return m.group(1) if m.groups() else m.group(0)
-    for token in re.split(r"\s+", text):
+    for run in re.findall(r"\d+", text):
-        digits = "".join(c for c in token if c.isdigit())
+        if len(run) in lengths:
-        if digits and len(digits) in lengths and digits.isdigit():
+            return run
-            return digits
     return None
 
 
@@ -89,15 +103,14 @@ def extract_code(
 ) -> Optional[str]:
     """extract a one-time code from a message, subject first then body parts
 
-    `patterns` are regexes tried in order; the first capturing group wins, or the
+    `patterns` are regexes tried in order (first capturing group wins, else the
-    whole match if a pattern has no groups. when no pattern matches a block, any
+    whole match); if none hit, a standalone digit run whose length is in
-    standalone digit run whose length is in `lengths` is returned. both knobs are
+    `lengths` is returned. both are parameters so callers tune per provider.
-    parameters so callers can tune per provider without forking this function.
     """
     compiled = _compile(patterns)
     length_set = set(lengths)
 
-    subject = message.get("Subject", "") or ""
+    subject = decode_header_value(message.get("Subject", "") or "")
     hit = _scan(subject, compiled, length_set)
     if hit:
         return hit
@@ -110,17 +123,14 @@ def extract_code(
 
 
 def as_predicate(spec: MatchSpec) -> Callable[[Optional[str]], bool]:
-    """normalize a match spec into a predicate over an optional string
+    """normalize a match spec (None, regex, callable, or substring) into a predicate over an optional string"""
-
-    accepts None (matches everything), a precompiled regex (search), a callable
-    (used directly), or a plain string (case-insensitive substring). this is what
-    gives sender/subject filtering its "string or regex, caller's choice" behavior.
-    """
     if spec is None:
         return lambda value: True
     if isinstance(spec, re.Pattern):
         return lambda value: bool(spec.search(value or ""))
     if callable(spec):
-        return spec
+        # coalesce None like the other branches so the Optional[str] contract holds
+        # even if the caller's callable assumes a real string
+        return lambda value: bool(spec(value or ""))
     needle = str(spec).lower()
     return lambda value: needle in (value or "").lower()

src/aiomail/oauth.py

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-"""optional OAuth2 token providers (refresh-token -> access-token).
+"""optional OAuth2 token providers (refresh-token -> access-token) for `OAuth2Auth`, credentials always caller-supplied.
 
-these turn a refresh token into a fresh access token for `OAuth2Auth`. they need
+aiohttp is an optional extra so the core stays light; missing it raises a clear
-aiohttp, kept as an optional extra so the core stays light; importing this module
+error only when a provider is instantiated, not on import.
-without aiohttp raises a clear error only when a provider is instantiated.
-
-credentials (client_id, refresh_token) are always supplied by the caller.
 """
+import asyncio
 import logging
 import time
 from typing import Optional, Sequence
@@ -75,18 +73,26 @@ class _RefreshTokenProvider:
                     async with aiohttp.ClientSession(timeout=timeout) as session:
                         async with session.post(endpoint, data=data) as resp:
                             if resp.status == 200:
-                                token = (await resp.json()).get("access_token")
+                                # content_type=None: some endpoints return 200 as text/plain
+                                # or text/javascript; default json() would raise ContentTypeError
+                                body_json = await resp.json(content_type=None)
+                                token = body_json.get("access_token")
                                 if token:
                                     self._failures = 0
                                     return token
+                                # log a truncated body (never whole, may carry sensitive
+                                # material) so a 200-with-no-token isn't a silent drop
+                                log.warning(
+                                    "token endpoint %s -> 200 with no access_token: %s",
+                                    endpoint, str(body_json)[:200],
+                                )
                             else:
-                                body = await resp.text()
+                                # truncated only — the body may carry sensitive material
+                                body = (await resp.text())[:200]
                                 log.warning("token endpoint %s -> %s: %s", endpoint, resp.status, body)
                 except Exception as exc:
                     log.warning("token request to %s failed: %s", endpoint, exc)
             if attempt < self.max_retries - 1:
-                import asyncio
-
                 await asyncio.sleep(2 ** attempt)
 
         self._failures += 1

src/aiomail/retrieve.py

@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
-"""orchestration: find the most recent valid OTP across folders.
+"""orchestration: `retrieve_otp` ties the client and extractor together to find the most recent valid OTP.
 
-`retrieve_otp` ties the client and extractor together. sender/subject accept the
+sender/subject accept the flexible match specs from `extract`; provider quirks
-flexible match specs from `extract`, folders/age/patterns are all parameters with
+(folders, age, patterns) live in the arguments, not hardcoded branches.
-sane defaults, and provider quirks live in the arguments rather than hardcoded
-branches inside the function.
 """
 import asyncio
 import logging
 import time
+from datetime import timezone
 from email.utils import parsedate_to_datetime
 from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, Pattern, Sequence, Union
 
 from .client import IMAPClient
-from .extract import DEFAULT_LENGTHS, DEFAULT_PATTERNS, MatchSpec, as_predicate, extract_code
+from .extract import (
+    DEFAULT_LENGTHS,
+    DEFAULT_PATTERNS,
+    MatchSpec,
+    as_predicate,
+    decode_header_value,
+    extract_code,
+)
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -20,16 +26,19 @@ log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 DEFAULT_FOLDERS: Sequence[str] = ("INBOX", "Junk", "Spam", "Archive", "All Mail")
 
 
-def _server_query(sender: MatchSpec, subject: MatchSpec) -> str:
+def _server_query(sender: MatchSpec, subject: MatchSpec, match_field: str = "from") -> str:
-    """build a narrowing IMAP query from plain-string specs only
+    """build a narrowing IMAP query from plain-string specs only, falling back to ALL for regex/callable specs
 
-    only plain strings translate to server-side FROM/SUBJECT filters; regex and
+    `match_field="to"` searches TO OR FROM (a forwarded code may keep the
-    callable specs fall back to ALL and are filtered client-side, so dynamic
+    original From), matching the client-side forwarded-From fallback so the
-    matching always works even when the server cannot express it.
+    server query never narrows out a result the client would have accepted.
     """
     parts: List[str] = []
     if isinstance(sender, str):
-        parts.append(f'FROM "{sender}"')
+        if match_field == "to":
+            parts.append(f'OR TO "{sender}" FROM "{sender}"')
+        else:
+            parts.append(f'FROM "{sender}"')
     if isinstance(subject, str):
         parts.append(f'SUBJECT "{subject}"')
     return f"({' '.join(parts)})" if parts else "ALL"
@@ -41,7 +50,12 @@ def _age_seconds(message) -> Optional[float]:
     if not raw:
         return None
     try:
-        return time.time() - parsedate_to_datetime(raw).timestamp()
+        dt = parsedate_to_datetime(raw)
+        if dt.tzinfo is None:
+            # naive datetime means a "-0000" zone (RFC 2822: unspecified offset);
+            # force UTC rather than letting .timestamp() read it as local
+            dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+        return time.time() - dt.timestamp()
     except (TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
         log.debug("date parse failed (%s): %s", raw, exc)
         return None
@@ -52,6 +66,7 @@ async def retrieve_otp(
     *,
     sender: MatchSpec = None,
     subject: MatchSpec = None,
+    match_field: str = "from",
     folders: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
     patterns: Sequence[Union[str, Pattern]] = DEFAULT_PATTERNS,
     lengths: Iterable[int] = DEFAULT_LENGTHS,
@@ -64,14 +79,14 @@ async def retrieve_otp(
 ) -> Optional[str]:
     """return the newest OTP matching the filters, or None
 
-    sender/subject accept a substring, a compiled regex, or a callable. folders,
+    sender/subject accept a substring, a compiled regex, or a callable.
-    patterns, code lengths, max age and retry behavior are all tunable. set
+    `match_field="to"` matches the recipient address and additionally accepts a
-    `max_age=None` to disable the freshness check.
+    forwarded match on From. set `max_age=None` to disable the freshness check.
     """
     folders = list(folders) if folders is not None else list(DEFAULT_FOLDERS)
     sender_ok = as_predicate(sender)
     subject_ok = as_predicate(subject)
-    query = _server_query(sender, subject)
+    query = _server_query(sender, subject, match_field)
 
     for attempt in range(retries + 1):
         for folder in folders:
@@ -90,8 +105,13 @@ async def retrieve_otp(
                     continue
 
                 from_hdr = message.get("From", "")
-                subj_hdr = message.get("Subject", "")
+                subj_hdr = decode_header_value(message.get("Subject", ""))
-                if not sender_ok(from_hdr) or not subject_ok(subj_hdr):
+                if match_field == "to":
+                    to_hdr = message.get("To", "")
+                    matched = sender_ok(to_hdr) or sender_ok(from_hdr)
+                else:
+                    matched = sender_ok(from_hdr)
+                if not matched or not subject_ok(subj_hdr):
                     continue
 
                 code = extract_code(message, patterns=patterns, lengths=lengths)